Companies

Who supplies the builders.

Complete subsystems delivered to an OEM — hands, actuator modules, battery packs, compute. 84 tracked.

OEMs102

The companies building finished humanoids and exoskeletons.

Tier 184

Complete subsystems delivered to an OEM — hands, actuator modules, battery packs, compute.

Tier 269

Components that go into a tier 1 assembly — gearboxes, encoders, sensors, electronics.

Tier 39

Materials and basic parts — structural materials, connectors and cabling.

Tooling & Services19

Not a supply tier: design, scanning, test, motion capture and simulation software.

TierAll suppliers 181 Tier 1 84 Tier 2 69 Tier 3 9 Tooling & Services 19

CategoryMotors & Actuators 33 Dexterous Hands & Grippers 23 Batteries & Power 13 Compute & AI Chips 6 Robotic Arms 6 Linear Actuators 2 LiDAR 1

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Aved ElectronicsPower & interconnect solutions for demanding applications including humanoid robotics	Batteries & Power	Humanoid	Yes
CATLWorld's largest EV battery maker; solid-state & sodium-ion R&D; backed AgiBot & Galbot	Batteries & Power	Humanoid	No
Grepow (Tattu / Gens Ace)High-discharge LiPo/Li-ion battery packs and custom BMS; Tattu (drone/FPV) and Gens Ace (RC) are its own sub-brands	Batteries & Power	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
KULR Technology GroupBattery thermal-runaway safety technology (patented Thermal Runaway Shield, NASA-licensed Fractional Thermal Runaway Calorimeter); not a cell/pack maker itself but a safety layer for lithium battery packs	Batteries & Power	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	Yes
LG Energy SolutionCylindrical & pouch Li-ion cells, solid-state battery R&D; major global cell supplier	Batteries & Power	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	See notesouth korea
MaxAmpsCustom lithium-ion and lithium-polymer battery packs, assembled in the USA, up to 100C discharge rate	Batteries & Power	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	Yes
Molicel (E-One Moli Energy)High-power cylindrical Li-ion cells (18650/21700/4680-class) for EVs, aerospace, power tools and motorsport; also supplies eVTOL programs (e.g. Vertical Aerospace)	Batteries & Power	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	See notetaiwan
Reliance BatteryHigh-power 21700 tabless Li-ion cells (e.g. RS40/RS50, up to 70A continuous discharge), aimed at electric mobility and power-demanding systems	Batteries & Power	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
Samsung SDICylindrical Li-ion (21700, 4680 format), prismatic & EV packs; Sony & 1X backer	Batteries & Power	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	See notesouth korea
TenpowerHigh-power cylindrical Li-ion cells (21700 format), continuous discharge up to 45A+, aimed at e-bikes, scooters and robotics	Batteries & Power	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
Titan BatteriesCustom lithium-ion flight battery packs from UN38.3-certified cells; up to 80% longer flight time than standard LiPo per company claims	Batteries & Power	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	Yes
Upgrade EnergyNDAA-compliant custom lithium battery packs for UAS/unmanned systems; partnered with Amprius for silicon-anode high-energy-density cells	Batteries & Power	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	Yes
VapcellHigh-drain 18650/21700 Li-ion cells and chargers, CE/UL/FCC/RoHS certified	Batteries & Power	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
AMDRyzen/EPYC CPUs, Instinct MI GPUs for training; Kria SoM for robotics edge	Compute & AI Chips	Humanoid	Yes
Horizon Robotics (China)Journey series automotive-grade AI chips; BPU (Brain Processing Unit) for real-time perception	Compute & AI Chips	Humanoid	No
Infineon TechnologiesMicrocontrollers, power semiconductors, motor driver ICs, radar chips for robotics	Compute & AI Chips	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	See notegermany
NVIDIAJetson Thor / Orin / AGX edge AI modules; H100/B200 data center GPUs for training; Isaac platform	Compute & AI Chips	Humanoid	Yes
QualcommSnapdragon platforms; Dragonwing industrial robotics processors (RB6); edge AI SoCs	Compute & AI Chips	Humanoid	Yes
SynopsysSemiconductor IP & EDA tools chip design for custom AI processors in humanoids	Compute & AI Chips	Humanoid	Yes
AGILINKOmniHand series: high-DoF dexterous hands and grippers for humanoid robots and industrial automation, mass-produced	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
Alt-BionicsAdvanced bionic hands affordable prosthetic & robotic hands for accessibility	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	Yes
CasiaHandCasia Hand series across industrial, service, specialized and consumer use (M/X/G lines), with 100%-localized core components	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
ChangingTek RoboticsHumanoid grippers and dexterous hands: parallel grippers, collaborative grippers, multi-fingered hands (Uhand tactile-sensing data-collection hand, X2 adaptive left/right hand), payloads from grams to hundreds of kg	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
CHOHOCHOHO Hand ("Zhen Hand"): sprocket-chain-transmission dexterous hand claiming 95-98% mechanical efficiency, built on the company's core chain-drive manufacturing expertise	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
Cyborg RoboticsH01/H02 dexterous hands using a proprietary TendonFlex biomimetic tendon structure; also builds the full-size Cyborg-R01 biomimetic humanoid and Cyborg-W01 wheeled humanoid for high-risk industrial settings (power, gas, oil, chemical, coal)	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
DexRobotHigh-DoF, multi-modal dexterous hands and key components for humanoid manipulation	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
HITBOTeHand-6 dexterous hand, Z-arm lightweight 4-axis cobots, and Z-EFG electric grippers with built-in servo systems	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
INSPIRE-ROBOTSDexterous robot hands (RH56-DFX), micro linear servos, finger actuators China Also supplies micro linear servo actuators (finger-sized linear actuators).	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
LinkerBotLinker Hand series (6-42 DoF, tendon/linkage/direct-drive architectures), plus OpenTeleDex teleoperation/data-collection tooling, LinkerSkillStore, and the Linker Genesis embodied-AI model	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
MINDSYNC TECHSQ-1503 dexterous hand: axial-flux motor + tungsten tendon drive, 16 DoF, CAN interface, 5N grip force, optional tactile sensors; built on hollow-cup micro motor technology	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
OYMotionRobotic bionic dexterous hands, integrated joint motors, wearable exoskeletons, and EEG/neural-signal hardware; also works on non-invasive brain-computer interfaces	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
PaXini Tech6D Hall-array multi-axis tactile sensors (PX-series) and the DexH dexterous-hand line (DexH13: 1,140 tactile sensing units + 8MP AI hand-eye camera); also builds the TORA-ONE full humanoid (2,000+ tactile sensing units, 53 DoF)	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
PL-Universe RoboticsPL-WitHand: hybrid-driven dexterous hand with 20 DoF, described as the first industrial-grade hybrid-driven hand of its kind; also builds the ProWhite Robot wheeled embodied platform	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
Ruiyan Intelligent ControlDexterous hands and joint modules for humanoid robots using coreless brushless motors and proprietary FOC (field-oriented control) algorithms for force-position hybrid control	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
Sarcomere Dynamics (ARTUS)ARTUS Dex & Lite bio-inspired robot hands near-human dexterity for general-purpose automation	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	See notecanada
Shadow Robot CompanyShadow Dexterous Hand 24 joints, 20 DoF, pneumatic or electric; used in NASA, CMU, research	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	See noteuk
Sharpa (Singapore)Dexterous robot hands selected by NVIDIA for Isaac Root reference humanoid (25 DoF/hand)	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	See notesingapore
TESOLLOAdvanced robotic grippers and humanoid robotic hands modular end-effectors	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	See notesouth korea
VEICHIYZ-T6 6-DoF tendon-driven dexterous hand, plus integrated servo wheels, joint modules, frameless torque motors and hollow-cup motors for embodied intelligence	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
WUJI TechWuji Hand: 20-DoF bionic dexterous hand with motors placed directly inside each finger segment (rather than tendon-driven); SDK, ROS 2, teleoperation and simulation support; rated for 300,000+ grasp cycles	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
XynovaPrima1 direct-drive dexterous hand — 22 DoF, tactile sensing, high-precision force control, built for industrial manipulation. Also builds the tendon-driven Flex 2 hand and high-torque-density rotary/linear actuators for humanoids.	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
ZWHANDDexterous hand end-effectors integrating motors, gearboxes, lead screws, control boards and electronic skin, 17 active DoF with per-joint independent control	Dexterous Hands & Grippers	Humanoid	No
RichBeamLightweight, high-precision, low-power LiDAR sensors across industrial, automotive, mapping and commercial grades (e.g. LakiBeam, LoraBeam)	LiDAR	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
Ewellix (SKF spin-off)Linear modules, roller screws, electric cylinders ball & roller screw actuators	Linear Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	See notesweden
Olsen Actuators and DrivesElectromechanical actuators (EMAs), roller screws & drive systems specialist (UK)	Linear Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	See noteuk
Allient Inc. (Allied Motion)Advanced motion, controls & power solutions motors, drives, encoders	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	Yes
Alva IndustriesUltra-thin, ultra-light axial flux motors thinnest & lightest torque motors on market	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid	See notenorway
Boreasa TechnologiesMiniature BLDC motors (13–22 mm), Swiss-engineered precision, ultra-smooth operation	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid	No
CubeMarsBLDC motors, quasi-direct-drive actuator modules (AK series, AKE series) with integrated encoders & drivers	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
DAMIAOIntegrated BLDC joint actuators (motor + planetary gearing + dual encoders + driver in one unit), J/H/S/G/JH model series, used in quadrupeds, robotic arms, and bionic/humanoid robots	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
Direct Drive TechDirect-drive precision joint motor modules for robotics, industrial and medical uses; direct-drive actuators are ~82% of revenue	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
ENCOSMotor drive, reducer, and integrated robot joint modules; core components for robot power systems	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
EYOU RoboticsIntegrated servo joint modules (harmonic and planetary actuators) covering full-body humanoid joints: wrists, elbows, shoulders, hips, knees, ankles	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
Fashion StarCompact high-torque smart bus servos (UART/RS485/MODBUS/CAN), gimbals, and modular robotic arms for grasping/manipulation tasks	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
FAULHABERDC micromotors, BLDC motors (down to 6 mm), gearheads, motion controllers German precision	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	See notegermany
FEETECHDigital/analog RC and robot servos, HL/STS/ST/SCS/SM series, widely used in low-cost open-source robotics projects (e.g. LeRobot arms)	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
GDW ServoDigital servos for RC vehicles, drones, educational/service robots and camera gimbals; OEM/ODM co-design	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
HexFellowForce-controlled robotic arms, IMUs, and intelligent mobile platform modules for embodied-robotics research and startups	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
HONPINEHarmonic drives, planetary gearboxes and integrated robot joint motors, also serving medical and semiconductor automation	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
JUXIE IntelligentHarmonic reducers, micro low-voltage servo drivers, and integrated encoders for robot joints	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
KollmorgenFrameless torque motors (TBM/TBM2G), housed servo motors, AKD servo drives; early frameless pioneer	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	Yes
KpowerCompact motion units: motors, precision reducers and multi-protocol drive/control systems for robotics, drones and industrial automation	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
KST ServosRC and robotics servo motors, among the first to develop electronic chips for brushless servos; CE/RoHS certified	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
Laifual (Zhejiang Laifual Drive)Harmonic drive reducers, rotary joint actuators, robotic arms and automated workstations; 65,000m² factory, 300,000+ units/year capacity	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
LKMTECHBLDC servo motors and drivers for robot joints, handheld cameras/gimbals, LiDAR, service robots, AGVs and robotic arms	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
maxonPrecision DC & BLDC motors (coreless), planetary gearheads, servo controllers Swiss engineering	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	See noteswitzerland
MyActuatorDirect-drive and planetary-reduction joint motors, RMD-X/H/FL series plus EtherCAT/CAN control modules and the RB-C002 "Robotic Cerebellum" controller	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
Novanta (Celera Motion)Frameless motors, precision encoders, torque sensors Celera Motion brand	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid	Yes
OCServoBus servo motors for robotics/DIY (e.g. ROBS-301, OCS-D008 series)	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
Qinchuan (QCMT&T)Industrial robot joint reducers, gearboxes and transmission gears, alongside its core CNC machine tool business	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
ROBSTRIDEIntegrated joint motor modules (models 00-10P), IP67 waterproof variants, and the EduLite A3 educational arm; CAN bus communication	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
Sarcomere DynamicsBio-inspired actuator technology (ARTUS Dex & Lite) replicating human muscle behavior	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid	See notecanada
Shenzhen Mosrac MotorFrameless brushless motors & direct-drive rotary motors for robotic joints	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
Sierramotion (Allied Motion)Custom BLDC motor & motor system solutions; sub-brand of Allied Motion	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	Yes
SITO DRIVECD-series harmonic gear drives and the TITAN miniaturized power module, used in humanoid robots, aerospace, LCD and semiconductor manufacturing equipment	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
SteadyWinCompact joint motors: planetary-reducer GIM series, direct-drive WK series, frameless outrunner and hollow servo lines, marketed for cost-effective robot joints	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
ZeroErreRob rotary actuators (dual absolute encoders + controller + harmonic gear + servo motor in one housing) and eCoder magnetic encoders, for cobots, surgical robots, and humanoids	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
Zhongling Technology (ZLTECH)Hub motors, hub motor drivers, servo/integrated/stepping motors and BLDC motors for robots, AGVs, medical devices and consumer electronics	Motors & Actuators	Humanoid and Exoskeleton	No
Agile RobotsDiana 7 seven-axis robotic arm with ultra-sensitive joint torque sensors, for precision assembly and human-safe collaboration	Robotic Arms	Humanoid	See notegermany/china
AgileX RoboticsRobotic and humanoid arms, plus mobile robot chassis (UGVs, AGVs, tracked vehicles), development kits, mobile manipulators and autopilot systems	Robotic Arms	Humanoid	No
DobotNot applicable	Robotic Arms	Humanoid	—
FlexivAdaptive, force-controlled robot arms (Rizon 4/4s/10/10s), the Moonlight parallel robot, and the Grav force-controlled gripper	Robotic Arms	Humanoid	See noteusa/china
Franka RoboticsFR3 (Franka Research 3): 7-DoF collaborative arm, 3kg payload, 860mm reach, integrated force/motion sensing for contact detection and safety stops	Robotic Arms	Humanoid	See notegermany
LEBAI RoboticsLM3-series collaborative robot arms and electric grippers for manufacturing, logistics and service applications	Robotic Arms	Humanoid	No